Podcast #4 Typography

Define typography?The art of expressing ideas through the selection of appropriate typefaces.
Where did the word "typography" originate from?
It comes from the Greek words of "form" and "writing."
What does typography involve?Creating and modifying type using a variety of illustration techniques.
What is a typeface?Distinctive designs of visual symbols that are used to compose a printed image/design.
What is another term for typeface?Fonts
What is a character?Individual symbols that make up a typeface.
What is type style?Modifications in a typeface
What does type style "create" within a design?Type style create design variety while maintaining the visual style of the typeface.
What is the waist line and what does it indicate?It is the imaginary line drawn at the middle of the characters.
What is a base line and what does it indicate?The imaginary line drawn at the bottom of the characters.
What is an ascender?The part of the character that extends above the waist line.
What is a descender?The part of the character that extends below the base line.
Describe a serif?A smaller line used to finish off a main stroke of a letter, usually at the top and bottom of a character.
How can the size of the typeface be identified?By using point size.
What is a point?The vertical measurement used to identify the size of a typeface. It measures from the top of the ascender to the bottom of the descender.
How many points are in an inch?There are 72 points in an inch.
What is a pica and how many are in an inch?
6 picas in an inch.
How many points are in a pica?
12 points in a pica.
What is body type and where can it be found?Type sizes that range from 4pt through 12pt type. These sizes are found in places where there is a lot of text to be read.
What is the key to selecting appropriate typefaces to be used as body type?
The bigger the typeface the larger the body type.
What is display type and how is it used?Type sizes above 12pt. Typically, these sizes are used to draw attention to a message.
What is reverse type and when would it be used?Consists of white type on a solid black or darker color background. If the text is too small, reverse type can be difficult on the reader's eye. Display type is necessary.
What is a typeface classification?A basic system for classifying typefaces was devised in the 19th century when printers sought to identify a heritage for their own craft.
When was Blackletter invented and how was it used?It was used with the inventions of the printing press in the mid 1400s.
Describer the characteristics of a Blackletter typeface?They resemble the calligraphy of the time and are highly ornamental with elaborate thick to thin strokes.
When was Old Style invented and what was is based on?It was invented in the mid 1400s. It was based on ancient Roman inscriptions and created to replace Blackletter typeface.
Describe the characteristics of an Old Style typeface?They have wedge-shaped, angled serifs and a low contrast of their thick/thin strokes.
When were formal scripts developed?Formal scripts developed formal writings of 17th and 18th century handwriting masters.
When were casual scripts developed?They were developed in the 20th century.
Describe the characteristics of a Script typeface?They should not be used as small body text because its too hard to read.
When was Modern typefaces developed and why?It was developed in the late 18th and 19th centuries as a radical break from traditional typography of the time.
Describe the characteristics of a Modern typeface?They have a sharp contrast between thick and thin strokes and have thin, flat serifs.
How early can Sans Serif typefaces be found? What happened?
 In the 5th century but the formal scripts took over

What does "sans serif" mean?
Without serifs
Describe the characteristics of a Sans Serif typeface?
It is totally different from other types of writing and no serif.
When was Slab Serif developed and why?
In the 19th century for advertisement.
Describe the characteristics of a Slab Serif typeface?
A cross from San serif and modern. They are now big and chunky
Describe Decorative typefaces?
Distinct design style
Why were they developed?
So it can have a different type of look
What are they best used for?
Large point sizes

Review Week 13

   
Balance- the way elements are organized into one piece of a design

  
  Contrast- two opposite elements of a design to form one design in total

 
Emphasis- when you want to show the message in a design

    
Figure- when two pieces of a design that are different blend together to create a tricky visual image

    
Proportion- the ratio in size between two different elements in the design 

  
Repetition- when something is easy repeated over again

 
Rhythm- visual beat


Unity- when more than 1 element of design come together as a whole 

Review Week 14

Devry University- Alpharetta, Duluth, Atlanta, Stockbridge, and Decatur. AP Digital Studio Art, Introduction to Graphic Design.
The Art Institutes- Atlanta and Decatur. AP Digital Studio Art, Intro to Graphic Design
Platt College- San Diego. AP Digital Studio Art, Intro to Graphic Design
Full Sail University-  Winter Park, Orlando. Nothing, just take the online course


What is a portfolio? 
 A portfolio is something that you keep all of your work in.
What is the importance of a portfolio?
 So your stuff won't get lost

Stephen Kroninger

What kind of art/design does he produce?He cuts up images and collages.
In what publications/media studios has his work been featured?
The Museum of Modern Art
Post 2 samples of his art. Answer the following questions for each piece...

 


Was this piece published? Where?Yes, on anthropomorphe.com
What principles of design were utilized within the piece? How?Balance, contrast, gradiation
What elements of design were utilized?
All of the elements 



  

Was this piece published? Where?
Yes, in time magazine
What principles of design were utilized within the piece?
Balance, contrast, gradiation

What elements were utilized?
All of them

Review Week 12

How can you, as the designer, use principles of design to help compose a page?You can use it by doing creative backgrounds and foregrounds
What are the principles of design (define each in your own words)?
Balance- the way two or more images even out
Gradiation- how deep a color or shade of color is tinted in 
Repitition- repeating the same thing
Contrast- the way opposing elements are put together

Podcast #3 Principles of Design

Define principles of design?Concepts used to arrange the structural elements of a composition
What do the principles of design affect?The message of the work
What is the principle of repetition?Repeating some aspect of the design throughout the entire document.
Describe ways that the principle of repetition helps the composition/audience?It controls the reader's eye and helps keep their attention on the piece.
What are ways that you can incorporate repetition into your designs?Bold font, thick line, certain bullet, color, design element, particular format, spatial relationship
What should you avoid when working with repetition?Repeating to much
What is the principle of proportion/scale?The relative size and scale of the carious elements in a design
What is the most universal standard of measure when judging size?The human body
How can the principle of proportion/scale be used as an attention getter?An unusual or unexpected scale
What is the principle of balance?Distribution of heavy and light elements on the page
Which kinds of elements/shapes visually weigh heavier/greater?Size, shape, and tone
What is another name for symmetrical balance?Formal balance
Define symmetrical balance?Occurs when the weight of a composition is evenly distributed around a central vertical or horizontal axis.
What is another name for asymmetrical balance?Informal balance
Define asymmetrical balance?Occurs when the weight of a composition is not evenly distributed around the axis.
What is the principle of emphasis?The stressing of a particular area of focus rather than the maze of details of equal importance.
What happens to a design that has no focus?Nothing stands out.
What is a focal point and how is it created?A center of interest
How many components of a composition can be a focal point?No more than one
What ways can emphasis be created in a design?Contrasting the primary element with it's subordinate
What is the principle of unity?The wholeness of composition
What three ways can unity be obtained?
1. Put objects close to one another

2. Make things similar

3. Direct vision by a line that travels around the design

What is the principle of variety?Pertains to differences and diversity
What ways can a designer add variety to a design?Vary text, color, and shapes, and alter their contrast, tone, & intensity
Why is it important to find the right balance between unity and variety?Too much unity can be boring, but too much variety can be chaotic
What is figure?The part of a composition that we pay attention to
What is another name for figure?Positive space
What is ground?The surrounding are around the figure
What is another name for ground?Negative space
When a composition is abstract (has no recognizable subject) what will the figure depend on? What does that mean?It will depend on the ground
Why must a designer consider the composition as a whole?
Because the figure/ground relationship is so important
What is the principle of rhythm?
Continuity, recurrence, or organized movement in space and time                                               How is rhythm achieved?Through the orderly repetition of any element, line, shape, value, or texture
What three ways can rhythm occur in a design?
1. When elements themselves are similar in size

2. With a more organic, flowing, sense of movement

3. A sequence of shapes through a progression of steps
How does rhythm help a composition/design?It can add interaction to an otherwise inanimate page layout
What is the principle of contrast?Occurs when two related elements are different
How can contrast help a design?Can draw the viewer's eye into the piece and help guide the viewer through it
What is wrong with having too much or too little contrast in a design?Too much can be confusing, but too little can become boring
What is the key to working with contrast?To make sure the differences are obvious
What are some common ways of creating contrast?
Creating differences in size, value, color, type, texture, shape, alignment, direction, and movement